Accessory gland

The shape of the accessory glands in the stem-species pattern of the Chloropidae family-group is uncertain, because only a few glands have been described. The reason for this deficiency is that, because of their small size and soft structure, accessory glands are difficult to demonstrate in fresh material and nearly impossible to detect in dry or alcohol material.
The accessory glands of the Acartophthalmidae are unknown, and the accessory glands of the carnid Meoneura vagans have long ducts and are attached to the base of the ovaries.
In the chloropid subfamilies Oscinellinae and Chloropinae the accessory glands are long and with a short duct.
Within the Milichiidae the accessory glands of Leptometopa spp. and Madiza glabra have very short ducts, while the glands of Desmometopa sordida and Pholeomyia sp. 1, have long ducts. At the base of the gland there is a club-shaped widening in the duct, which is interpreted as a pump. Similar pumping organs have been described for other Acalyptratae (Klostermeyer & Anderson 1976, Solinas & Nuzzaci 1984, Kotrba 1993, Lachmann 1994). In Leptometopa spp. and Madiza glabra the gland is quite long. In Desmometopa sordida and Pholeomyia sp. 1 the gland is shorter and has a lumen. The distal end of the accessory gland is attached to the base of the ovaries. The shape of the accessory glands in the stem-species pattern of the Milichiidae cannot be ascertained, because the shape in the stem-species pattern of the other families of the Chloropidae family-group is also uncertain. (ex Brake 2000)