Male reproductive system

Character evolution: 

Male reproductive systemIn the Milichiidae, the testes are egg-shaped (Madiza glabra) or elongate (Desmometopa). The vasa deferentia are also orange-brown and are apically fused. The pigmentation and fusion of the vasa deferentia could be apomorphies for the Madizinae or even for the Milichiidae. However, more species need to be studied to confirm these hypotheses.
In the Chloropidae, the testes are ovoid or pyriform in the Oscinellinae and elongate and tubular in the Chloropinae. The vasa deferentia are not pigmented and are not fused in most species (Adams & Mulla 1967, Nartshuk 1997).
In the Carnidae, the testes are pyriform, with the large part at the distal tip, and the vasa deferentia are neither pigmented nor fused (Meoneura and Hemeromyia).
In the future, when more information becomes available, the shape of the internal male reproductive system may be useful for the differentiation of groups of genera. (ex Brake 2000)

Explanation: 

The male reproductive system of the Diptera consists of paired testes, paired vasa deferentia, paired accessory glands and an unpaired ejaculatory duct. The testes are orange-brown because of a pigment in the outer epithelium.

Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical): Ed Baker, Katherine Bouton Alice Heaton Dimitris Koureas, Laurence Livermore, Dave Roberts, Simon Rycroft, Ben Scott, Vince Smith